Does an author's last name and the possessive form of the last name count as the same citation with a paragraph (e.g. Enfield (2003)
A professor made a comment that the author's name always required the year in parenthesis & used the above example. This seems contrary to what I am able to find in the APA Manual and on the Purdue OWL. I am looking for as much information as possible before I seek clarification from the professor. Thanks you.
Answer
Your parenthetical reference needs two mandatory parts and one "optional" part ...
1). author
2). Year of publication
3). page numbers - this is optional in the sense that it is only used if you are supplying a direct quote.
Depending on how you write the sentence determines what is or is not in the parentheses. Our APA guide provides different examples of how parenthetical references can be phrased - http://libguides.css.edu/c.php?g=41681&p=265025
It is possible to not even use a parenthetical reference if the needed information is included in the text (I think because of the "formal" style of writing in APA this is not used often). But here is a direct example of this from p. 174 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition -
"In 2003, Kessler's study of epidemiological samples showed that"
So, include the elements listed above. They only need to be listed once, and how they are arranged is based on how the sentence is written.